BBWM-Related Publications 

Image of rectangular blue button that will direct the user to a listing of government documents associated with the Bear Brook Watershed of Maine.  

Image of rectangular blue button that will direct the user to a list of published chapters from textbooks associated with the Bear Brook Watershed of Maine. 

Image of rectangular blue button that will direct the user to a list of graduate theses associated with the Bear Brook Watershed of Maine.

Image of rectangular blue button that will direct the user to a list of miscellaneous references (e.g. abstracts and technical bulletins) associated with the Bear Brook Watershed of Maine.

 

Journals

  

 
  Aber, J. D., C. L. Goodale, S. V. Ollinger, M. L. Smith, A. H. Magill, M.E. Martin, J. L. Stoddard. 2003. Is nitrogen
altering the nitrogen status of northeastern forests. BioScience 53:375-390
  Aber, J. D., K. J. Nadelhoffer, P. Steudler and J. M. Melillo. 1989. Nitrogen saturation in northern forest
ecosystems - hypotheses and implications. Bioscience 39:378-386.
  Aber, J. D., W. H. McDowell, K. J. Nadelhoffer, A. Magill, G. Berntson, M. Kamakea, S. G. McNulty, W. Currie, L.
Rustad and I. Fernandez. 1998. Nitrogen saturation in temperate forest ecosystems: hypotheses revisited.
BioScience 48:921-934
  Amirbahman, A., P.L. Ruck, I.J. Fernandez, T.A. Haines, and J.S. Kahl. 2004. The effect of fire on mercury cycling in the soils of forested watersheds: Acadia National Park, Maine, USA. Water Air Soil Pollut. (in press).
  Bank, M. S., C. S. Loftin, and R. E. Jung. 2005. Mercury bioaccumulation in Northern Two-lined salamanders from streams in the northeastern United States. Ecotoxicology. 14:181-191.
  Bondietti, E. A., C. F. Baes, and S. B. McLaughlin. 1989. Radial trends in cation ratios in tree rings as indicators
of the impact of atmospheric deposition on forests. Can. J. For. Res. 19:586-594.
  Bondietti, E. A., N. Momoshima, W. C. Shortle, and K. T. Smith. 1990. A historical perspective on divalent cation
trends in red spruce stemwood and the hypothetical relationship to acidic deposition. Can. J. For. Res.
20:1850-1858.   
  Campbell, J, et al. 2004. Input-output budgets for inorganic nitrogen for 24 watersheds in the northeastern
United States: A review.  Water Air Soil Pollut. 151:373-396.
  Chadwick, M. A. and A. D. Huryn. 2003. Effect of a whole-catchment N addition on stream detritus processing.
J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc. 22:194-206.
  Chadwick, M. A. and A. D. Huryn. 2005. Effects of atmospheric N deposition on coarse organic matter in a headwater stream. Hydrobiologia. 532:167-179.
  Chen, H. and R. Beschta. 1999. Dynamic hydrologic simulation of the Bear Brook Watershed in Maine (BBWM).
Environ. Monit. Assess. 55:53-96.
  Christ, M. J., M. B. David, P. J. McHale, J. W. McLaughlin, M. J. Mitchell, L. E. Rustad, and I. J. Fernandez. 1997.
Microclimatic control of microbial C, N, and P pools in Spodosol Oa-horizons. Can. J. For. Res. 27:1914-1921.
  Church, M. R. 1999.  The Bear Brook Watershed manipulation project: watershed science in a policy
perspective. Environ. Monit. Assess. 55:1-5.
  Comfort, S.D., R.P. Dick and J. Baham. 1991. Air drying and pretreatment effects on soil sulfate sorption. Soil
Sci. Soc. Am. J. 55:968-973.
  Cosby, B. J., S. A. Norton and J. S. Kahl. 1996. Using a paired-catchment manipulation experiment to evaluate a
catchment-scale biogeochemical model. Sc. Tot. Environ. 183:49-66.
  Dahlgren, R. A., C. T. Driscoll and D. C. McAvoy. 1989. Aluminum precipitation and dissolution rates in Spodosol
Bs horizons in the northeastern USA. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 53:1045-1052.
  Dahlgren, R.A., D.C. McAvoy and C.T. Driscoll. 1990. Acidification and recovery of spodosol Bs horizon from
acidic deposition. Environ. Sci. Technology. 24:531-537. 
  David, M. B. and G. B. Lawrence. 1996. Soil and soil solution chemistry under red spruce stands across the
northeastern United States. Soil Science. 161:314-328.
  David, M. B. and G. F. Vance. 1989. Generation of soil solution acid neutralizing capacity by addition of dissolved
inorganic carbon. Environ. Sci. Technol. 23:1021-1024.
  David, M.B. and G.F. Vance. 1990. Comments on "Biological impoverishment of lakes of the midwestern and
northwestern United States from acid rain". Environ. Sci. Technol. 24:1106-1107.
  David, M. B. and G. F. Vance. 1991. Chemical character and origin of organic acids in streams and seepage
lakes of central Maine. Biogeochemistry 12:17-41.
  David, M. B., G. F. Vance and J. M. Rissing. 1989. Organic carbon fractions in extracts O and B horizon solutions
from a New England spodosol: effects of acid treatment. J. Environ. Qual. 18:212-217.
  David, M. B., G. F. Vance and J. S. Kahl. 1992. Chemistry of dissolved organic carbon and organic acids in two
streams draining forested watersheds. Water Resour. Res. 28:389-396.
  David, M. B., G. F. Vance and J. S. Kahl. 1999. Chemistry of dissolved organic carbon at Bear Brook watershed,
Maine: Stream water response to (NH4)2SO4 additions. Environ. Monit. Assess. 55:149-163.
  David, M. B., G. F. Vance and P. Kortelainen. 1991. Organic acidity in Maine (U.S.A.) lakes and in HUMEX Lake
SKJERVATJERN (Norway). Finnish Humus News. 3:189-194.
  David, M. B., G. F. Vance and W. J. Fasth. 1991. Forest soil response to acid and salt additions of sulfate: II.
aluminum and base cations. Soil Science 151:208-219.
  David, M. B., M. J. Mitchell, D. Aldcorn and R. B. Harrison. 1989. Analysis of sulfur in soil, plant, and sediment
materials: use of freeze-drying and an automated analyzer. Soil Biol. Biochem. 21:119-123.
  David, M. B., R. D. Fuller, I. J. Fernandez, M. J. Mitchell, L. E. Rustad, G. F. Vance, A. C. Stam and S. C. Nodvin.
1990. Spodosol variability and assessment of response to acidic deposition. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 54:541-548.
  David, M. B., W. J. Fasth, and G. F. Vance. 1991. Forest soil response to acid and salt additions of sulfate: I.
Sulfur constituents and net retention. Soil Science. 151:136-145.
  Dhamala, B. R. and M. J. Mitchell. 1995. Sulfur speciation, vertical distribution, and seasonal variation in a
northern hardwood soil: A 35S tracer study. Can. J. For. Res. 25:234-243.
  Dhamala, B. R., M. J. Mitchell and A. C. Stam. 1990. Sulfur dynamics in mineral horizons of two northern
hardwood soils: a column study with 35S. Biogeochemistry 10:143-160. 
  Downs, M., R. Michener, B. Fry, and K. Nadelhoffer. 1999. Routine measurements of dissolved inorganic 15N in
precipitation and streamwater. Environ. Monit. Assess. 55:211-220.
  Eary, L. E., E. A. Jenne, L. W. Vail and D. C. Girvin. 1989. Numerical models for predicting watershed
acidification. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxic. 18:29-53.
  Eary, L. E., E. A. Jenne, L. W. Vail and D.C. Girvin. 1991. Recovery of the highly acidified clearwater lake
watershed simulated with the ILWAS model. Appl. Geochem. 6:613-634.
  Elvir, J. A., L. Rustad, G. B. Wiersma, I. Fernandez, A. S. White, and G. J. White. 2005. Eleven-year response of foliar chemistry to chronic nitrogen and sulfur additions at the Bear Brook Watershed in Maine. Can. J. For. Res. 35:1402-1410.
  Elvir, J. A., G. B. Wiersma, A. White, and I. Fernandez. 2003. Effects of chronic ammonium sulfate treatment on
basal area increment in red spruce and sugar maple at the Bear Brook Watershed in Maine. Can. J. For. Res.
33: 862-869
  Erickson, Heather E. and D. Coffey. 1991. The Watershed Manipulation Project: case study of an interlaboratory
comparison program. Account. Res. 1:195-206.
  Fasth, W. J., M. B. David and G. F. Vance. 1991. Sulfate retention and cation leaching of forest soils in response
to acid additions. Can. J. For. Res. 21:32-41.
  Fernandez, I. J., L. E. Rustad, S. A. Norton, J. S. Kahl and B. J. Cosby. 2003. Experimental acidification causes
soil base-cation depletion at the Bear Brook Watershed in Maine. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 67:1909-1919.
  Fernandez, I. J. and L. E. Rustad. 1990. Soil response to S and N treatments in a northern New England low
elevation coniferous forest. Water Air Soil Pollut. 52:23-39.
  Fernandez, I. J. and P. A. Kosian. 1986. Chemical response of soil leachate to alternative approaches to
experimental acidification. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 17:953-973.
  Fernandez, I. J., G. B. Lawrence, and Y. Son. 1995. Soil-solution chemistry in a low-elevation spruce-fir
ecosystem, Howland, Maine. Water Air Soil Pollut. 84:129-145.
  Fernandez, I.J., J.A. Simmons, and R.D. Briggs. 2000. Indices of forest floor nitrogen status along a regional
climate gradient in Maine, USA. For. Ecol. Manag. 134:177-187.
  Fernandez, I. J., L. E. Rustad, M. B. David, K. J. Nadelhoffer, and M. J.,Mitchell. 1999. Mineral soil and solution
responses to experimental N and S enrichment at the Bear Brook Watershed in Maine (BBWM). Environ. Monit.
& Assess. 55:165-185.
  Fernandez, I. J., Y. Son, C. R. Kraske, L. E. Rustad and M. B. David. 1993. Soil CO2 characteristics under different
forest types and after harvest. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 57:1115-1121.
  Hornberger, G. M.,  K. J. Beven, and P. F. Germann 1990. Inferences about solute transport in macroporous
forest soils from time series models. Geoderma 46:249-262.
  Hornberger, G. M., P. F. Germann and K. J. Beven. 1991. Throughflow and solute transport on an isolated soil
block in a forested catchment near Orono, Maine. Jour. Hydrol. 124:81-99.
  Jefts, S., I. J. Fernandez, L. E. Rustad, and D. B. Dail. 2004. Comparing methods for assessing forest soil net nitrogen mineralization and net nitrification. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 35:2875-2890.
  Jefts, S., I. J. Fernandez, L. E. Rustad, and D. B. Dail. 2004. Decadal responses in soil N dynamics at the Bear
Brook Watershed in Maine, USA. Forest Ecol. and Management. 189:189-205.
  Kahl, J., S. A. Norton, I. J. Fernandez, L. Rustad, M. Handley. 1999. Nitrogen and sulfur input-output budgets in
the experimental and reference watersheds, Bear Brook watershed in Maine (BBWM). Environ. Monit. Assess.
55:113-131.
  Kahl, J. S., I. J. Fernandez, L. Rustad, and J. Peckenham. 1996. Threshold application rates of wood ash to an
acidic forest soil. J. Environ. Qual. 25:220-227.
  Kahl, J. S., S. A. Norton, I. J. Fernandez, K. J. Nadelhoffer, C. T. Driscoll and J. D. Aber. 1993. Experimental
inducement of nitrogen saturation at the watershed scale. Environ. Sci. Technol. 23:565-568.
  Kahl, J. S., S. A. Norton, T. A. Haines, E. A. Rochette, R. H. Heath and S. C. Nodvin. 1992. Mechanisms of
episodic acidification in low-order streams in Maine, USA. Environ. Pollut. 78:37-44. 
  Kortelainen, P., M. B. David, T. Roila and I. Makinen. 1992. Acid-base characteristics of organic carbon in the
HUMEX Lake Skjervatjern. Environ. Int. 18:621-629.
  Lawrence, G. B., M. B. David, and W. C. Shortle. 1995. A new mechanism for calcium loss in forest-floor soils. 
Nature. 378:162-165.
  Lawrence, G. B., M. B. David, S. W. Bailey, and W. C. Shortle. 1997. Assessment of soil calcium status in red
spruce forests in the northeastern United States. Biogeochemistry. 38:19-39.
  Lawrence, G.B., 2002.  Persistent episodic acidification of streams linked to acid rain effects on soil.  Atm. Env.
36:1589-1598.
  Mast, A. M. and J. I. Drever. 1987. The effect of oxalate on the dissolution rates of oligoclase and tremolite.
Geochim. Cosmoch. Acta. 51:2559-2568. 
  McLaughlin, J. W., I. J. Fernandez, and K. J. Richards. 1996. Atmospheric deposition to a low-elevation
spruce-fir forest, Maine, USA. J. Environ. Qual. 25:248-259.
  McLaughlin, S. B., W. C. Shortle, and K. T. Smith. 2002. Dendroecological applications in air pollution and
environmental chemistry: research needs. Dendrochronologia. 20:133-157.
  Minocha, R., W. C. Shortle, G. B. Lawrence, M. B. David, and S. C. Minocha. 1997. Relationship among foliar
chemistry, foliar polyamines, and soil chemistry in red spruce trees growing across the northeastern United
States. Plant and Soil. 191:109-122. 
  Mitchell, M. J., C. T. Driscoll, P. Murdoch, G. E. Likens, J. S. Kahl and L. Pardo. 1996. Climatic control of nitrate
loss from forested watersheds in the northeast United States. Environ. Sci. Technol. 30:2609-2612.
  Mitchell, M.J., M.B. David, I.J. Fernandez, R.D. Fuller, K. Nadelhoffer, L.E. Rustad and A.C. Adams. 1994.
Mineral soil response to three years of experimental acidification. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 58:556-563.
  Momoshima, N. and E. A. Bondietti. 1990. Cation binding in wood: application to understanding historical
changes in divalent cation availability to red spruce. Can. J. For. Res. 20:1840-1849.
  Nadelhoffer, K., M. Downs, B. Fry, A. Magill, and J. Aber. 1999. Controls of N retention and exports in a forested
watershed. Environ. Monit. Assess. 55:187-210.
  Norton, S, J. Kahl and I. Fernandez. 1999. Altered soil-soil water interactions inferred from stream water
chemistry at an artificially acidified watershed at Bear Brook watershed, Maine USA Environ. Monit.
Assess. 55:97-111.
  Norton, S; J. Kahl, I. Fernandez, T. Haines, L. Rustad, S. Nodvin, J. Scofield, T. Strickland, H. Erickson, P.
Wigington, and J. Lee Jr. 1999. The Bear Brook watershed, Maine (BBWM), USA. Environ. Monit. Assess.
55:7-51.
  Norton, S. A., B. J. Cosby, I. J. Fernandez, J. S. Kahl, and M.R. Church. 2001. Long-term and seasonal variations
in CO2: linkages to catchment alkalinity generation. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 5:83-91.
  Norton, S. A., I. J. Fernandez, J. S. Kahl, and R. L. Reinhardt. 2003. Acidification trends and the evolution of
neutralization mechanisms through time at the Bear Brook Watershed in Maine (BBWM). Water Air Soil
Pollut. (in press).
  Norton, S. A., J. S. Kahl, D. F. Brakke, G. F. Brewer, T. A. Haines and S. C. Nodvin. 1988. Regional patterns and
local variability of dry and occult deposition strongly influence SO4 concentrations in Maine lakes. Sci. Tot.
Environ. 72:183-196.
  Norton, S. A., J. S. Kahl, I. J. Fernandez, J. P. Scofield, L. E. Rustad, T. A.  Haines, and J. Lee. 1993.  The
watershed manipulation project: Two -year results at the Bear Brook Watershed in Maine (BBWM). In:
Rasmussen, L., T. Brydges, and P. Mathy (eds.). Experimental manipulations of biota and biogeochemical
cycling in ecosystems. Commission of the European Communities Publication No. EUR 14914 EN,
Luxembourg. pp. 55-63.
  Norton, S. A., J. S. Kahl, I. J. Fernandez, L. E. Rustad, J. P. Scofield, and T. A. Haines. 1994. Response of the
West Bear Watershed, Maine USA to the addition of (NH4)2SO4 - Three Year Results. Forest Ecol. and
Management 68:61-73.
  Norton, S.A., M.J. Handley, J.S. Kahl, and N.E. Peters. 1996. Re-evaluation of colorimetric Cl data from natural
waters with high DOC. Water Air Soil Pollut. 91:283-298.
  Norton, S.A., R.F. Wright, J.S. Kahl and J.P. Scofield. 1992. The MAGIC simulation of surface water
acidification at, and first year results from, the Bear Brook Watershed Manipulation Project, Maine,
USA. Environ. Pollut. 77:279-286.
  Parker, J. L., I.J. Fernandez, L. E. Rustad, and S. A. Norton. 2002. Soil organic matter fractions in experimental
forested watershed. Water Air Soil Pollut. 138:101-121.
  Parker, J.L., I.J. Fernandez, L.E. Rustad, and S.A. Norton. 2001. Effects of Nitrogen Enrichment, Wildfire, and
Harvesting on Forest Soil Carbon and Nitrogen. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J.  65: 1248-1255.
  Pellerin, B; Fernandez, I; Norton, S; Kahl, J. 2002. Soil Aluminum Distribution in the Near-Stream Zone at the
Bear Brook Watershed in Maine.  Water, Air, Soil Pollut. 134:189-204.
  Postek, K.M., C.T. Driscoll, J.S. Kahl, and S.A. Norton. 1996. Changes in the concentrations and speciation of
aluminum in response to an experimental addition of ammonium sulfate to the Bear Brook Watershed, Maine,
U.S.A. Water, Air, and Soil Pollut. 85:1733-1738.
   

Rakesh, M., W. C. Shortle, G. B. Lawrence, M. B. David, and S. C. Minocha. 1997. Relationships among foliar chemistry, foliar polyamines, and soil chemistry in red spruce trees growing across the northeastern United States. Plant and Soil. 191:109-122.
  Reinhardt, R. L., S. A. Norton, M. Handley, and A. Amirbahman. 2004. Dynamics of P, Al, and Fe during high discharge episodic acidification at the Bear Brook Watershed in Maine, USA. Water, Air, Soil Pollut. 4:311-323.
  Roy, S., S.A. Norton, I.J. Fernandez, and J.S. Kahl. 1999. Linkages of P and Al export at high discharge at the
Bear Brook watershed in Maine. Environ. Monit. Assess. 55:133-147.
  Rustad, L.E., I.J. Fernandez, M.J. Mitchell, K.J. Nadelhoffer, M.B. David, and R.B. Fuller. 1996. Experimental
soil acidification and recovery at the Bear Brook Watershed in Maine. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 60:1933-1943.
  Rustad, L.E., I.J. Fernandez, R.D. Fuller, M.B. David and W.A. Halteman. 1993. Soil solution response to acidic
deposition in a northern hardwood forest. Agric., Ecosyst. Environ. 47:117-134.
  Rustad, L.E., J.S. Kahl, S.A. Norton, and I.J. Fernandez. 1994. Underestimation of dry deposition by throughfall
in mixed northern hardwood forests. J. Hydrol. 162:319-336.
  Shortle, W. C., K. T. Smith, M. Rakesh, G. B. Lawrence, and M. David. 1997. Acidic deposition, cation
mobilization, and biochemical indicators of stress in healthy red spruce.  J. Environ. Qual. 26:871-876.   
  Shortle, W.C.; Bondietti, E.A. 1992. Timing, magnitude, and impact of acidic deposition on sensitive forest sites.
Water, Air, Soil Pollut. 61:253-267.   
  Shortle, W.C.; Minocha, R. 1990. Applications of ion chromatography to pollution effects on forest trees. Adv.
Ion Chromatography 2:299-309.  
  Shortle, W.C.; Smith, K.T. 1988. Aluminum-induced calcium deficiency syndrome in declining red spruce.
Science 240:1017-1018.
  Simmons, J.A., I.J. Fernandez, R.D. Briggs, and M.T. Delaney. 1996. Forest floor carbon and fluxes along a
regional climate gradient in Maine. For. Ecol. Manag. 84:81-96.
  Son, Y.H., I.J. Fernandez, and Z. Kim. 1992. Soil air CO2 concentrations in a spruce-fir forest, Maine, USA.
Journal of Korean Forestry Society 81:177-182.
  Stam, A.C, M.J. Mitchell, H.R. Krouse and J.S. Kahl. 1992. Dynamics of stable sulfur isotopes of sulfate in
precipitation and stream solutions in a northern hardwoods watershed. Water Resour. Res. 28:231-236.
  Sulzberger, B., J.L. Schnoor, R. Giovanoli, J.G. Hering and J. Zobrist. 1990. Biogeochemistry of iron in an acidic
lake. J. of Aquatic Sciences 52:1:56-74.
  Szillery, J.E., I.J. Fernandez, S.A. Norton, L.E. Rustad, and A.S. White. 2004. Using ion-exchange resins to
study soil response to experimental watershed acidification. Environ. Monitor. Assess. (in review).
  Uddameri, V., S.A. Norton, J.S. Kahl, and J.P. Scofield. 1995. Randomized intervention analysis of the
response of the West Bear Watershed, Maine to chemical manipulation. Water, Air, Soil Pollut.
79:131-146.
  Vance, G.F. and M.B. David. 1989. Effect of acid treatment on dissolved organic carbon retention by a spodic
horizon. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. 53:1242-1247.
  Vance, G.F. and M.B. David. 1991. Chemical characteristics and acidity of soluble organic substances from a
northern hardwood forest floor. Geochim. Cosmoch. Acta. 55:3611-3625.
  Vance, G.F. and M.B. David. 1991. Forest soil response to acid and salt additions of sulfate: III. solubilization
and composition of dissolved organic carbon. Soil Science 151:297-305.
  Vance, G.F. and M.B. David. 1991. Spodosol cation release and buffering of acidic inputs. Soil Science
151:362-368.
  Vance, G.F. and M.B. David. 1992. Dissolved organic carbon and sulfate sorption in Spodosol mineral horizons.
Soil Science. 154:136-144.
  Venterea, R.T., P.M. Groffman, M.S. Castro, L.V. Verchot, I.J. Fernandez, and M.B. Adams. 2004. Soil
emissions of nitric oxide gas in two forest watersheds subjected to elevated N inputs. Forest Ecol. and
Manage. 196:335-349.
  Wang, Z. and I. Fernandez. 1999. Soil type and forest vegetation influences on forest floor nitrogen dynamics at
the Bear Brook Watershed in Maine (BBWM). Environ. Monit. Assess. 55:221-234.
  Weber, K.L. and G.B. Wiersma. 1998. Trace element concentrations in mosses collected from a treated
experimental forest watershed. Toxicological and Environmental Chemistry 65:17-29
  White, G., I. Fernandez and G. Wiersma. 1999. Impacts of ammonium sulfate treatment on the foliar chemistry
of forest trees at the Bear Brook Watershed in Maine. Environ. Monit. Assess. 55:235-250.

 

The Department of Plant, Soil & Environmental Sciences

Home icon. BBWM Homepage

The University of Maine, Orono, Maine 04469

5722 Deering Hall

207-581-1110

207-581-2947

A Member of the University of Maine System