Education

Bioengineering (Ph.D., Utah, 1982)

Research interests

The theme of Professor Smith's research is the application of interdisciplinary knowledge to solving measurement problems. Many of her current projects are related to the creation of new microsensor-based systems. Current projects include the fabrication, packaging and testing of both chemical and physical biomedical microsensors and technology development for analytical microinstruments.

Publications

• M. Young, J. E. Goldsberry , J. H. Haritonidis , R. L. Smith and S. D. Senturia . A TWIN-INTERFEROMETER FIBER-OPTIC READOUT FOR DIAPHRAGM PRESSURE TRANSDUCERS. Technical Digest of IEEE Workshop on Sensors and Actuators, pp. 19-22(1988).
• R. L. Smith. INTEGRATED MICROSENSORS: DESIGN AND FABRICATION CONSTRAINTS. Proceedings SPIE, Vol. 904, Microsensors and Catheter-Based Imaging Technologies, Los Angeles , California , pp. 3-5(1988).
• R. L. Smith and S. D. Collins. MICROMACHINED PACKAGING FOR CHEMICAL MICROSENSORS. IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, Vol. ED-35, No. 6, pp. 787-792(1988).
• S. D. Senturia and R. L. Smith. MICROSENSOR PACKAGING AND SYSTEM PARTITIONING. Sensors and Actuators, Vol. 15, pp. 221-234(1988).
• S. F. Chuang and R. L. Smith. PREFERRED CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC DIRECTIONS OF PORE PROPAGATION IN POROUS SILICON LAYERS. Technical Digest of IEEE Workshop on Sensors and Actuators, Hilton Head Island, SC, June 1989, pp. 151-153(1988).
• R. L. Smith, B. Kloeck and S. D. Collins. ANODIC PASSIVATION OF {111} SILICON IN KOH. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 135, No. 8, pp. 2001-2008(1988).
• R. L. Smith, S.-F. Chuang and S. D. Collins. A THEORETICAL MODEL OF THE FORMATION MORPHOLOGIES OF POROUS SILICON. Journal of Electronic Materials, Vol. 17, No. 6, pp. 533-541(1989).
• K. E. Crowe and R. L. Smith. A NEW TECHNIQUE FOR DETERMINATION OF TENSILE STRESS IN THIN FILMS. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 136, No. 5, pp. 1566-1568(1989).
• X. G. Zhang, S. D. Collins and R. L. Smith. POROUS SILICON FORMATION AND ELECTROPOLISHING OF SILICON BY ANODIC POLARIZATION IN HF SOLUTION. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 136, No. 5, pp. 1561-1565(1989).
• Kloeck , S. D. Collins, N. F. de Rooij and R. L. Smith. STUDY OF ELECTROCHEMICAL ETCH-STOP FOR HIGH-PRECISION THICKNESS CONTROL OF SILICON MEMBRANES. IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, Vol. 36, No. 4, pp. 663-669(1989).
• M. G. Allen , M . Scheidel , and R. L. Smith. DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF MOVABLE SILICON PLATES SUSPENDED BY FLEXIBLE SUPPORTS, Proceedings of the Microelectromechanical Workshop, Salt Lake City , Utah , February 1989, pp. 76-81.
• R. L. Smith and S. D. Collins. MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR MICROSTRUCTURE ENGINEERING. Proceedings SPIE, Microsensors and Catheter-Based Imaging Technologies, Los Angeles , CA , Vol. 1068, pp. 10-17(1989).
• M. Young, J. E. Goldsberry , J. H. Haritonidis , R. L. Smith, and S. D. Senturia . A TWIN-INTERFEROMETER FIBER-OPTIC READOUT FOR DIAPHRAGM PRESSURE TRANSDUCERS, Technical Digest of IEEE Workshop on Sensors and Actuators, Hilton Head Island, SC, June 1989, pp. 19 – 22 (1989) .
• R. L. Smith, R. W. Bower and S. D. Collins. MAGNETICALLY ACTUATED, MICROMACHINED FLOW VALVE, Digest of the 4th International Conference on Solid State Sensors and Actuators, Transducers '89 , Montreux , Switzerland , 1989.
• M. G. Allen, M. Scheidl , R. L. Smith and A. Nikolich . MOVABLE MICROMACHINED SILICON PLATES WITH INTEGRATED POSITION SENSING, Digest of the 4th International Conference on Solid State Sensors and Actuators, Transducers '89 , Montreux , Switzerland , 1989.
• S. F. Chuang , S. D. Collins, and R. L. Smith. POROUS SILICON MORPHOLOGIES AND FORMATION MECHANISM, Technical Digest of the 4th International Conference on Solid State Sensors and Actuators, Transducers '89, Montreux , Switzerland , 1989.
• R L. Smith, S. D. Collins and S. -F. Chuang . ENGINEERING POROUS SILICON MORPHOLOGIES. Abstract No. TC3-TuM9, American Vacuum Society, 36th National Symposium, p. 109 (1989).
• R. L. Smith and S. D. Collins. THICK FILMS OF SILICON NITRIDE, Technical Digest of the 4th International Conference on Solid State Sensors and Actuators, Transducers '89, Montreux , Switzerland , 1989.
• R. L. Smith and S. D. Collins. GENERALIZED MODEL FOR THE DIFFUSION-LIMITED AGGREGATION AND EDEN MODELS OF CLUSTER GROWTH. Physical Review A, 39(10), 5409-5413 (1989).
• S.-F. Chuang , S. D. Collins and R. L. Smith. PREFERENTIAL PROPAGATION OF PORES DURING THE FORMATION OF POROUS SILICON: A TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY STUDY. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 55, No. 7, pp. 675-677 (1989).
• S.-F. Chuang , S. D. Collins and R. L. Smith. POROUS SILICON MICROSTRUCTURE AS STUDIED BY TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY. Applied Physics Letters, 55 (9), 1540-1542 (1989).
• R. L. Smith and S. D. Collins. A WAFER-TO-WAFER ALIGNMENT TECHNIQUE. Sensors and Actuators, 20, pp. 315-316 (1989).
• R. L. Smith and S. D. Collins. CHAPTER 4: SENSOR DESIGN AND PACKAGING. VCH Sensor Handbook, W. Ko and T. Grandke , eds., Vol. 1: Fundamentals, pp. 80-106, 1989.
• M. G. Allen, M. Scheidl , R. L. Smith and A. Nikolich . MOVABLE MICROMACHINED SILICON PLATES WITH INTEGRATED POSITION SENSING. Sensors and Actuators, A21-A23, pp. 211-214 (1990).
• R. L. Smith and S. D. Collins. THICK FILMS OF SILICON NITRIDE. Sensors and Actuators, A21-A23, pp. 830-834 (1990).
• R. L. Smith, R. W. Bower and S. D. Collins. THE DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF A MAGNETICALLY ACTUATED MICROMACHINED FLOW VALVE. Sensors and Actuators, A24, pp. 47-53 (1990).
• R. L. Smith, S.-F. Chuang and S. D. Collins. POROUS SILICON MORPHOLOGIES AND FORMATION MECHANISM. Sensors and Actuators, A21-A23, pp. 825-829 (1990).
• S. Chang, W. Eaton, J. Fulmer, C. Gonzalez, B. Underwood, J. Wong and R. L. Smith. MICROMECHANICAL STRUCTURES IN AMORPHOUS SILICON. 1991 International Conference on Solid State Sensors and Actuators Digest of Technical Papers, Transducers '91, pp. 751-754 (1991).
• R. L. Smith, D. J. Fulmer and S. D. Collins. APPLICATIONS OF POROUS SILICON TO MICROSTRUCTURE ENGINEERING. (Extended Abstract) Fall Meeting of the Electrochemical Society, Vol 91-2, pp. 506-507 (1991).
• R. L. Smith, D. J. Fulmer and S. D. Collins. APPLICATIONS OF POROUS SILICON TO MICROSTRUCTURE ENGINEERING. Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Electrochemical Microfabrication , 180th Meeting of the Electrochemical Society, Phoenix , AZ , 1991.
• W. P. Eaton, S. H. Risbud and R. L. Smith. WAFER BONDING BY LOW TEMPERATURE GLASS. (Extended Abstract) Fall Meeting of the Electro-chemical Society, Vol. 91-2, pp. 693-694 (1991).
• W. P. Eaton, S. H. Risbud and R. L. Smith. WAFER BONDING USING LOW TEMPERATURE MELTING GLASS. Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Wafer Bonding Science and Technology, 180th Meeting of the Electrochemical Society, V92-7, pp. 146-152 (1991).
• J. D. Richards, P. Garabedian , A. Knoesen , R. Spencer, R. S. Smith and S. D. Collins. MICROFABRICATED SURFACE PLASMON SENSOR. Abstract of 1991 Optical Society of America Annual Meeting, 1991 Technical Digest Series, Vol. 17, p. 112 (1991).
• R. S. Muller, P. T. Howe, S. D. Senturia , R. L. Smith and R. M. White. (editors) MICROSENSORS, IEEE Press Selected Reprint Series, 1991.
• R. L. Smith and S. D. Collins. POROUS SILICON FORMATION MECHANISMS. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 71, No. 8, pp. R1-R22 (1992).
• J. D. Richards, R. Garabedian , C. Gonzalez, A. Knoesen , R. L. Smith, R.Spencer , and S. D. Collins. SURFACE-PLASMON EXCITATION USING A POLARIZATION-PRESERVING OPTICAL FIBER AND AN INDEX-MATCHING FLUID OPTICAL CELL. Applied Optics, Vol. 32, No. 16, pp. 2901-2906 (1992).
• K. Nishimura, R. L. Smith, and S. D. Collins, POROUS SILICON MEMBRANES, Materials Research Society Spring Meeting, Symposium IV: Materials for Separation Technology, San Francisco, Late News substitution (1993).
• K. Nishimura and R. L. Smith. POROUS SILICON MEMBRANES FOR BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS. Abstract A6.6, in Abstracts of the Biomedical Engineering Society Third Annual Fall Meeting, Salt Lake City , Utah , October 16-18 ,1992 .
• R. Garabedian , C. Gonzales, J. Richards, A. Knoesen , R. L. Smith, R. Spencer, and S. Collins. MICROMACHINED OPTICAL BENCH FOR A SURFACE PLASMON SENSOR. Summaries of papers presented at the Integrated Photonics Research Topical Meeting, Optical Society of America, Technical Digest Series, Vol. 10, pp. 76-79 (1993).
• M. A. Chan, S. D. Collins, and R. L. Smith. MICROMACHINED, FIBER OPTIC PRESSURE SENSOR FOR IN VIVO BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS. SPIE, Vol. 1886, Proceedings of the Fiber Optic Sensors in Medical Diagnostics, pp. 128-137 (1993).
• M. A. Chan, S. D. Collins, and R. L. Smith. A MICROMACHINED BIOMEDICAL PRESSURE SENSOR WITH FIBER-OPTIC INTERFEROMET­RIC READOUT. The 7th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors and Actuators, Digest of Technical Papers, Transducers ‘93, pp. 580-583 (1993).
• R. Garabedian , C. Gonzales, J. Richards, A. Knoesen , R. Spencer, S. D. Collins, and R.L.Smith . MICROMACHINED SURFACE PLASMON SENSING MICROSYSTEM. The 7th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors and Actuators, Digest of Technical Papers, Transducers ‘93, pp. 1070-1072 (1993).
• S. Berhane , S. M. Kauzlarich , K. Nishimura, R. L. Smith, J. E. Davis, H. W. H. Lee, M. L. S. Olsen, and L. L. Chase. INVESTIGATION OF COLLOIDAL SI PREPARED FROM POROUS SILICON. Proceedings of the Spring Meeting of Materials Research Society , Vol . 298, pp. 99-102 (1993).
• J. Penczek and R. L. Smith. THE RELATIONSHIP OF POROUS SILICON FILM MORPHOLOGY TO THE PHOTOLUMINESCENCE SPECTRA. Spring Meeting of Materials Research Society , Silicon -based Optoelectronic Materials Symposium, Vol. 298, pp. 193-198 (1993).
• R. L. Smith. SENSORS. (Chapter), in The Electrical Engineering Handbook, Editor-in-Chief R. C. Dorf , pp.1152-1161, 1993.
• R. L. Smith. SENSORS AND TRANSDUCERS. (Chapter), in The Engineering Handbook, Editor-in-Chief R. C. Dorf , 1994.
• M. A. Chan, S. D. Collins, and R. L. Smith. A MICROMACHINED PRESSURE SENSOR WITH FIBER-OPTIC INTERFEROMETRIC READOUT. Sensors and Actuators A, Elsevier Sequoia, Lausanne , Switzerland , 43, 196-201 (1994).
• R. Garabedian , C. Gonzales, J. Richards, A. Knoesen , R. Spencer, S. D. Collins, and R. L. Smith. MICROFABRICATED SURFACE PLASMON SENSING SYSTEM. Sensors and Actuators A, 43, 202-207 (1994).
• J. Senna and R. L. Smith. GALLIUM DOPING FOR SILICON ETCH STOP. Symposium on Micromachining, Electrochemical Society Spring Meeting, San Francisco , CA , 1994.
• R. L. Smith. APPLICATIONS OF POROUS SILICON TO MICRO AND NANOSTRUCTURE FABRICATION. Symposium on Electochemical Microfabrication , Electrochemical Sociey Fall Meeting, Miami , Florida ,1994 .
• J. Penczek , A. Knoesen , H.W. H. Lee, and R. L. Smith. NEAR-INFRARED EMISSION FROM A POROUS SILICON DEVICE. Materials Research Society, Fall Meeting, Nov. 29- Dec. 2, 1994 , Pittsburgh , PA. Symposium on Microcrystalline and Nanocrystalline Semiconductors, pp. 641-645 (1994).
• J. Penczek , I-W. Chao , A. Knoesen , H. Lee, J. E. Davis, and R. L. Smith. VISIBLE TO NEAR-INFRARED EMISSION FROM A POROUS SILCON DEVICE. IEEE LEOS Annual Meeting, Boston , MA . Proceedings of LEOS '94, Oct. 31-Nov. 3, vol. 2, pp. 13-14 (1994).
• R. L. Smith, S. D. Collins and S. Farrens . Low Temperature, MULTI-SUBSTRATE BONDING FOR PACKAGING OF MICROSENSORS. Fall Meeting of the Chemical Engineering Society, Symposium on Synthesis and Processing, November 15, San Francisco , 1994.
• B. Taheri , R. T. Knight, and R. L. Smith. A DRY ELECTRODE FOR EEG RECORDING. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology Journal, Elsevier Science, Lausanne , Switzerland , Vol. 90, pp.376-383 (1994).
• W. P. Eaton, S. H. Risbud , and R. L. Smith. SILICON WAFER-TO-WAFER BONDING AT T<200 °C WITH POLYMETHYLMETHACRYLATE. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 65, pp. 439-441 (1994). J. Han, R. Lander, R.L. Smith. MICROFABRICATED HIGH ENERGY PARTICLE DETECTOR. The 8th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors and Actuators, Digest of Technical Papers, Transducers '95, Stockholm , Sweden , 1995.
• Y-T. Hsueh , M.A. Northrup and R. L. Smith. A MICROFABRICATED ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE CELL FOR PCR AMPLIFIED DNA DETECTION AND QUANTIFICATION. The 8th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors and Actuators, Digest of Technical Papers, Transducers '95, Stockholm , Sweden , 1995.
• B. Taheri , R. Knight and R. L. Smtih . A MICROFABRICATED, ACTIVE, DRY EEG ELECTRODE ARRAY. The 8th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors and Actuators, Digest of Technical Papers, Transducers '95, Stockholm , Sweden , 1995.
• Y-T. Hsueh , R. L. Smith and M. A. Northrup . A MICROFABRICATED CELL FOR ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE ANALYSIS. Proceedings of the Fall Meeting of the Electrochemical Society, Chicago , October 1995.
• J. Han, R. Lander, R.L. Smith. MICROFABRICATED HIGH ENERGY PARTICLE DETECTOR. Sensors and Actuators A, Vol. 54 , pp . 594-600 (1996).
• Y-T. Hsueh , M.A. Northrup and R. L. Smith. A MICROFABRICATED ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE CELL FOR PCR AMPLIFIED DNA DETECTION AND QUANTIFICATION. Sensors and Actuators B, V33, pp. 110-114 (1996).
• W. Mow, C. Gonzalez, R. Garabedian , S. D. Collins and R. L. Smith. IMMUNOSENSING VIA SURFACE PLASMON RESONANCE DETECTION WITH A MICRO-OPTICAL BENCH. UC Workshop on Microfabricated Sensors, Instruments and Systems for Biological and Medical Applications, UCDavis , May 6-8, 1996 .
• Y-T. Hsueh , R. L. Smith and M. A. Northrup . A MICROFABRICATED ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE CELL FOR QUANTIFICATION OF DNA. Late News Abstracts, Hilton Head Workshop on Sensors and Actuators (1996).
• B. Alizadehtaheri , R. Knight and R. L. Smith. AN ACTIVE, MICROFABRICATED, SCALP ELECTRODE ARRAY FOR EEG RECORDING. Sensors and Actuators A, Vol. 54 , pp. 606-611(1996).
• R. L. Smith, Y-T. Hsueh , S. D. Collins, J.-C. Jiaccabrino and M. Koudelka . ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE AT MICROELECTRODES FOR BIOSENSING. BIOS ‘97, Symposium on Micro and Nanofabricated Electro-Optical Mechanical Systems for Biomedical and Environmental Applications. San Jose , February 10-11, 1997 .
• S. Jamasb , S. D. Collins and R. L. Smith. A PHYSICALLY BASED MODEL FOR DRIFT IN Al2O3 GATE ISFET’s . The 9th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors and Actuators, Digest of Technical Papers, Transducers ‘97, Chicago , 1997.
• Y.-T. Hsueh , S. D. Collins and R. L. Smith. DNA QUANTIFICATION USING A MICROMACHINED ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE DETECTION CELL. The 9th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors and Actuators, Digest of Technical Papers, Transducers ‘97, Chicago , 1997.
• Gonzalez, R. J. Welty , R. L. Smith, and S. D. Collins, MICROJOINERY FOR OPTOMECHANICAL SYSTEMS, Miniaturized Systems with Micro-Optics and Micromechanics II, San Jose , CA , USA , 10-12 Feb. 1997). Proceedings of the SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, 1997, vol. 3008:171-8.
• Gonzalez, S. D. Collins and R. L. Smith. FLUIDIC INTERCONNECTS FOR CHEMICAL ANALYSIS MICROSYSTEMS. The 9th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors and Actuators, Digest of Technical Papers, Transducers ‘97, Chicago , 1997.
• S. D. Collins , C . Gonzalez, R. L. Smith. MICROFABRICATION CREATES MESOSCOPIC OPTICAL SYSTEMS, Laser Focus World , 33 (5), 187(1997).
• C. Gonzalez, S. D. Collins and R. L. Smith. MODULAR ASSEMBLY AND INTERCONNECTS FOR FLUIDIC MICROSYSTEMS. Proceedings of the Symposium on Micro and Nanofabricated Electro-Optical Mechanical Systems for Biomedical and Environmental Applications, BiOS ‘98, Photonics West, San Jose, January 26-27, 1998.
• S. Jamasb , S. D. Collins and R. L. Smith. A PHYSICAL MODEL FOR THRESHOLD VOLTAGE INSTABILITY IN H+ SENSITIVE FIELD EFFECT TRANSISTORS (pH ISFET’s ). IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, 45(6), 1239-1245 (1998).
• S. Jamasb , S. D. Collins and R. L. Smith. A PHYSICAL MODEL FOR DRIFT IN ISFET’s , Sensors and Actuators B, B49 , 146-155 (1998).
• C. González , J. Y. Pan, S. D. Collins and R. L. Smith. PACKAGING TECHNOLOGY FOR MINIATURE IVD INSTRUMENTATION. Medical Device & Diagnostic Industry, April 1998, pp. 70-75 (1998).
• Y.-T. Hsueh , S. D. Collins and R. L. Smith. DNA QUANTIFICATION USING A MICROMACHINED ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE DETECTION CELL. Sensors and Actuators B, B49, 1-4 (1998).
• C. Gonzalez, S. D. Collins and R. L. Smith. FLUIDIC INTERCONNECTS FOR CHEMICAL ANALYSIS MICROSYSTEMS. Sensors and Actuators B, B49 , 40-45 (1998).
• S. D. Collins, R. L. Smith, and C. Gonzalez. MICROJOINERY: CONCEPT, DEFINITION, AND APPLICATIONS TO MICROSYSTEM DEVELOPMENT, Sensors and Actuators A, 66(1-3), 315-332 (1998).
• J.-C. Jiacciabrino , M. Koudelka-Hep , Y.-T. Hsueh , S. D. Collins, and R. L. Smith. ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE OF TRIS 2’2’ RUTHENIUM BIPYRIDENE IN WATER AT CARBON MICROELECTRODES. Analytical Chemistry, 70(19), 4157-4161(1998).
• S. D. Collins, C. Gonzalez, D. Howard, S. Hsia and R. L. Smith. MICROFABRICATED TRANSLATION STAGES FOR MICROROBOTICS. Proceedings of the International Advanced in Robotics Program (IARP), 2nd International Workshop on Micro Robotics and Systems, Beijing , China , October 22-23, 1998 , pg. 166-171.
• S. D. Collins, R. L. Smith, C. Gonzalez, K. P. Stewart, J. G. Hagopian , and M. J. Sirota . FOURIER TRANSFORM OPTICAL MICROSYSTEMS. Optics Letters, 24(12) 844-846 (1999).
• P. Wallace, E. V. Mukerjee , K. Yan , R. L. Smith, S. D. Collins. Design, Fabrication , and Demonstration of a Vaporizing Liquid Attitude Control Microthruster . Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors and Actuators, Transducers ‘99, Digest of Technical Papers, June 7-10, Sendai Japan , pp. 1800-1803(1999).
• S. D. Collins, A. P. Wallace, R. L. Smith, J. M. Sirota , and C. Gonzalez. Micro--Photonics Systems Implementation. Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors and Actuators, Transducers ‘99, Digest of Technical Papers , Sendai Japan , pp. 124-127 (1999).
• K. Tseng, J. Liu, C. B. Lebrilla , S. Collins, R. Smith. FABRICATION AND DESIGN OF OPEN MICROCHANNELS FOR CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS SEPARTIONS AND MATRIX -ASSISTED LASER/DESORPTION MASS SPECTROMETRY ANALYSIS. Proceedings of the SPIE Conference on Micro- and Nanofabricated Structures and Devices for Biomedical Environmental Applications II, San Jose, CA, January 1999. SPIE Vol. 3600, pp. 137-147.
• E. Mukerjee , A . Wallace, K. Yan , R. L. Smith and S. D. Collins. Vaporizing Liquid MICROTHRUSTER, Sensors & Actuators A, A83, 231-236 (1999).
• D. W. Howard, S. D. Collins and Rosemary L. Smith. A SINGLE-FRINGE ETALON SILICON PRESSURE TRANSDUCER, Sensors & Actuators A, A86, no. 1-2, pgs 21-25 (2000).
• D. T. Yen, C. P. van Dam, F. Brauchle , R. L. Smith, and S. D. Collins, ACTIVE LOAD CONTROL AND LIFT ENHANCEMENT USING MEMS TRANSLATIONAL TABS, Proceedings of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Fluids 2000, June 19-22, Denver, pp.1-10 (2000).
• E. V. Mukerjee , S.D. Collins, R.L. Smith, R.R. Isseroff , and R. Nuccitelli , MICROINSTRUMENT FOR TRANSDERMAL, WOUND POTENTIAL MEASUREMENTS, Late News Poster Session, Supplemental Digest, Solid-State Sensors and Actuator Workshop, Hilton Head Island, South Carolina, June 4-8, 2000.
• K. Y. Yan , R.L. Smith and S.D. Collins, FLUIDIC MICROCHANNEL ARRAYS FOR THE ELECTROPHORETIC SEPARATION AND DETECTION OF BIOANALYTES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE, Biomedical Microdevices , 2(3), 221-229 (2000).
• B. L. Gray, S. D. Collins, D. K. Lieu, A. Barakat and R. L. Smith. MODULAR MICRO-INSTRUMENTATION FOR ENDOTHELIAL CELL RESEARCH. Proceedings of the SPIE Conference on Micro- and Nanotechnology for Biomedical and Environmental Applications, San Jose , Ca, January 26-27, 2000 . SPIE Vol. 3912 , 88-94.
• P. Wallace, D. W. Howard, J.S. Sirota , R. L. Smith and S. D. Collins, LONG RANGE TRANSLATION ACTUATOR . Proceedings of the SPIE Conference on Micro- and Nanotechnology for Biomedical and Environmental Applications, San Jose , Ca, January 26-27, 2000 . SPIE Vol. 3912, 158-165.
• John W. MacKenty , R. L. Smith, S. D. Collins, et al., A PRE-PHASE STUDY OF A MULTI-OJECT SPECTROMETER USING MICRO MIRROR ARRAYS, Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 207, 251-261 (2000).
• J. Liu, C. B. Lebrilla , S. Collins, R. Smith. OPEN MICROCHANNELS FOR CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS SEPARTIONS AND MATRIX -ASSISTED LASER/DESORPTION MASS SPECTROMETRY ANALYSIS. Analytical Chemistry, 73(9): 2147-2151 (2001).
• T. Yen, C. P. van Dam, R. L. Smith, and S. D. Collins, ACTIVE LOAD CONTROL FOR WIND TURBINE BLADES USING MEM TRANSLATIONAL TABS , AIAA/ASME Wind Energy Symposium, AIAA Paper 2001-0031, Reno , January 2001.
• D.T.Y. Nakafuji , C. P. van Dam, R.L. Smith, S.D. Collins, ACTIVE LOAD CONTROL FOR AIRFOILS USING MICROTABS, Transactions of the ASME- Journal of Solar Energy Engineering, 123( 4): 282-9 (2001).
• R. L. Smith, C. Gonzalez, Y.-T. Hsueh , G. Kamita , G . Firrao , S. D. Collins, PHOTONIC MICROINSTRUMENTS FOR BIOMOLECULAR SENSING AND ANALYSIS, LEOS 2001. 14th Annual Meeting of the IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society (Cat. No.01CH37242), 2001, pt. 1, p 390-1 vol.1
• B. L. Gray, S. D. Collins and R. L. Smith, INTERLOCKING MECHANICAL AND MICROFLUIDIC INTERCONNECTIONS FABRICATED BY DEEP REACTIVE ION ETCHING, Proceedings of µTAS 2001, Fifth International Conference on Miniaturized Chemical and Biochemical Analysis Systems, Monterey, CA, October, 2001, pages 153-154, Kluwer Academic Publishers ,ISBN 1402001487.
• E. Mukerjee , S. D. Collins, R. L. Smith and R. Isseroff , MICRONEEDLE ARRAY FOR TRANSDERMAL BIO-FLUID SAMPLING AND/OR DRUG DELIVERY, Proceedings of µTAS 2001, Fifth International Conference on Miniaturized Chemical and Biochemical Analysis Systems, Monterey, CA, October, 2001, pages 379-380, Kluwer Academic Publishers ,ISBN 1402001487.
• S. Jamasb , S. D. Collins, R. L. Smith, CHARACTERIZATION, MODELING, AND CORRECTION OF DRIFT IN COMPLEMENTARY PH ISFET'S, Chemical and Biological Sensors and Analytical Methods II, Proceedings of the International Symposium (Electrochemical Society Proceedings Vol.2001-18), 2001, p 576-81
• S. Jamasb , S. D. Collins, R. L. Smith, CORRECTION OF SENSOR INACCURACY ARISING FROM DRIFT BASED ON A SIGNAL PROCESSING TECHNIQUE. Chemical and Biological Sensors and Analytical Methods II, Proceedings of the International Sympsoium (Electrochemical Society Proceedings Vol.2001-18), 2001, p 138-42
• Gray B., D. K. Lieu, S. D. Collins, R. L. Smith and A. I. Barakat , MICROCHANNEL PLATFORM FOR THE STUDY OF ENDOTHELIAL CELL SHAPE AND FUNCTION. Biomedical Microdevices , 4(1): 9-16 (2002).
• R. Isseroff , E.V. Mukerjee , S.D. Collins, R.L. Smith, R. Nuccitelli , DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW CHIP-BASED TECHNIQUE FOR MEASURING THE LATERAL ELECTRIC FIELD NEAR A SKIN WOUND, Journal Of Investigative Dermatology, 119(1), Part 2, pg. 280, 2002. Meeting Abstract, 63rd Annual Meeting of the Society for Investigative Dermatology, May 15-18, 2002 , Los Angeles , California , USA
• Tu , J., Howard, D.; Collins, S. D.; Smith, R. L., MICROMACHINED, SILICON FILAMENT LIGHT SOURCE FOR SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC MICROSYSTEMS, Applied Optics, 42(13): 2388-2397 (2003).
• R. Arya , M.M. Rashid, D. Howard, S.D. Collins, and R.L. Smith, THERMALLY ACTUATED, BISTABLE, SNAPPING SILICON MEMBRANES, Proceedings Transducers '03, Paper no. 3E61.P, June 2003.
• M. V. Shutov , D. L. Howard, E. E. Sandoz , R. L. Smith and S. D. Collins, ELECTROSTATIC ACTUATORS WITH LONG RANGE TRANSLATION, Proceedings Transducers ’03, Paper no. 2B3.4, June 2003.
• E. M. Mukerjee , R. R. Isseroff , S. D. Collins and R. L. Smith, MICRONEEDLE ARRAY WITH INTEGRATED MICROCHANNELS FOR TRANSDERMAL SAMPLE EXTRACTION AND IN SITU ANALYSIS, Proceedings Transducers ’03, Paper no. 3E68.P, June 2003.
• S. C. Allison, R. L. Smith, D. W. Howard, C. Gonzalez and S. D. Collins. 2003. A BULK MICRO-MACHINED SILICON THERMOPILE WITH HIGH SENSITIVITY, Sensors and Actuators A, 104(1): 32–39 (2003).
• M.V. Shutov , E.E. Sandoz , , D.L. Howard, T. C. Hsia , R. L. Smith, S. D. Collins, MINIATURE LINEAR SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR, Proceedings of the SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, 4878, 2003, p 32-7.
• J. H. Walton, J. S. de Ropp , M.V. Shutov , A.G. Goloshevsky , M.J. McCarthy, R.L. Smith, S.D. Collins, A MICROMACHINED DOUBLE-TUNED NMR MICROPROBE, Analytical Chemistry, 75 (19), 5030-5036, 2003.
• E. S. Lee, D. Howard, S. D. Collins and R. L. Smith. REVERSIBLE, TUBING TO GLASS INTERCONNECTS FOR GLASS-BASED MICRO-FLUIDIC SYSTEMS MADE USING ECDM, J. Micromech . Microengineering , 14, 535–541 (2004).
• E. Liang , R. L. Smith, D. S. Clague , DIELECTROPHORETIC MANIPULATION OF FINITE SIZED SPECIES AND THE IMPORTANCE OF THE QUADRUPOLAR CONTRIBUTION, Physical Review E, 70(6) Part 2, Article no. 066617, 2004.
• E.V. Mukerjee , S.D. Collins, R.R. Isseroff and R.L. Smith, MICRONEEDLE ARRAY FOR TRANSDERMAL BIOLOGICAL FLUID EXTRACTION AND IN SITU ANALYSIS, Sensors and Actuators A-Physical, 114(2-3), 267-275, 2004.
• B. L. Gray, S. D. Collins, R. L. Smith, Sensors and Actuators, INTERLOCKING MECHANICAL AND FLUIDIC INTERCONNECTIONS FOR MICROFLUIDIC CIRCUIT BOARDS, Sensors and Actuators A-Physical, 112 (1) , 18- 24, 2004.
• M.V. Shutov , D.W. Howard, E.E. Sandoz , J.M. Sirota , R.L. Smith, S.D. Collins, ELECTROSTATIC INCHWORM MICROSYSTEM WITH LONG RANGE TRANSLATION, Sensors And Actuators A-Physical, 114(2-3), 379-386, 2004.
• M. V. Shutov , E. E. Sandoz , D. W. Howard, T. C. Hisa , R. L. Smith, S. D. Collins , A MICROFABRICATED ELECTROMAGNETIC LINEAR SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR, Sensors and Actuators A-Physical, 121(2), 566-575, 2005.
• P. J. Costanzo , E-Z. Liang , T. E. Patten, S. D. Collins, R. L. Smith, BIOMOLECULE DETECTION VIA TARGET MEDIATED NANOPARTICLE AGGREGATION AND DIELECTROPHORETIC IMPEDANCE MEASUREMENT, Lab On A Chip, 5(6), 606-610, 2005.
• R. L. Smith and S. D. Collins. THE KINETICS OF ANODIC OXIDE FORMATION ON <111> SILICON IN KOH. Proceedings Physical Electrochemistry General Session, Electrochemical Society Fall Meeting( 1987).
• R. L. Smith and S. D. Collins. THE POTENTIAL DEPENDENCE OF SILICON ANISOTROPIC ETCHING IN KOH. Proceedings Physical Electrochemistry General Session, Electrochemical Society Fall Meeting( 1987).
• R. L. Smith and S. D. Collins. THE POTENTIAL DEPENDENCE OF SILICON ANISOTROPIC ETCHING IN KOH. Extended Abstracts, Physical Electrochemistry General Session, Electrochemical Society Fall Meeting, Vol. 87?2, pp. 1994-1995(1987).
• S. D. Senturia and R. L. Smith. MICROSENSOR PACKAGING AND SYSTEM PARTITIONING. Sensors and Actuators, Vol. 15, pp. 221-234(1988).
• R. L. Smith and S. D. Collins. MICROMACHINED PACKAGING FOR CHEMICAL MICROSENSORS. IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, Vol. ED-35, No. 6, pp. 787-792(1988).
• R. L. Smith. INTEGRATED MICROSENSORS: DESIGN AND FABRICATION CONSTRAINTS. Proceedings SPIE, Vol. 904, Microsensors and Catheter-Based Imaging Technologies, Los Angeles , California , pp. 3-5(1988).
• R. L. Smith, B. Kloeck and S. D. Collins. ANODIC PASSIVATION OF {111} SILICON IN KOH. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 135, No. 8, pp. 2001-2008(1988).
• R. L. Smith, S.-F. Chuang and S. D. Collins. A THEORETICAL MODEL OF THE FORMATION MORPHOLOGIES OF POROUS SILICON. Journal of Electronic Materials, Vol. 17, No. 6, pp. 533-541(1989).
• K. E. Crowe and R. L. Smith. A NEW TECHNIQUE FOR DETERMINATION OF TENSILE STRESS IN THIN FILMS. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 136, No. 5, pp. 1566-1568(1989).
• X. G. Zhang, S. D. Collins and R. L. Smith. POROUS SILICON FORMATION AND ELECTROPOLISHING OF SILICON BY ANODIC POLARIZATION IN HF SOLUTION. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 136, No. 5, pp. 1561-1565(1989).
• Kloeck , S. D. Collins, N. F. de Rooij and R. L. Smith. STUDY OF ELECTROCHEMICAL ETCH-STOP FOR HIGH-PRECISION THICKNESS CONTROL OF SILICON MEMBRANES. IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, Vol. 36, No. 4, pp. 663-669(1989).
• M. G. Allen , M . Scheidel , and R. L. Smith. DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF MOVABLE SILICON PLATES SUSPENDED BY FLEXIBLE SUPPORTS, Proceedings of the Microelectromechanical Workshop, Salt Lake City , Utah , February 1989, pp. 76-81.
• R. L. Smith and S. D. Collins. MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR MICROSTRUCTURE ENGINEERING. Proceedings SPIE, Microsensors and Catheter-Based Imaging Technologies, Los Angeles , CA , Vol. 1068, pp. 10-17(1989).
• M. G. Allen, M. Scheidl , R. L. Smith and A. Nikolich . MOVABLE MICROMACHINED SILICON PLATES WITH INTEGRATED POSITION SENSING. Sensors and Actuators, A21-A23, pp. 211-214 (1990).
• R. L. Smith and S. D. Collins. THICK FILMS OF SILICON NITRIDE. Sensors and Actuators, A21-A23, pp. 830-834 (1990).
• R. L. Smith, R. W. Bower and S. D. Collins. THE DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF A MAGNETICALLY ACTUATED MICROMACHINED FLOW VALVE. Sensors and Actuators, A24, pp. 47-53 (1990).
• R. L. Smith, S.-F. Chuang and S. D. Collins. POROUS SILICON MORPHOLOGIES AND FORMATION MECHANISM. Sensors and Actuators, A21-A23, pp. 825-829 (1990).
• S. Chang, W. Eaton, J. Fulmer, C. Gonzalez, B. Underwood, J. Wong and R. L. Smith. MICROMECHANICAL STRUCTURES IN AMORPHOUS SILICON. 1991 International Conference on Solid State Sensors and Actuators Digest of Technical Papers, Transducers '91, pp. 751-754 (1991).
• R. L. Smith, D. J. Fulmer and S. D. Collins. APPLICATIONS OF POROUS SILICON TO MICROSTRUCTURE ENGINEERING. (Extended Abstract) Fall Meeting of the Electrochemical Society, Vol 91-2, pp. 506-507 (1991).
• R. L. Smith, D. J. Fulmer and S. D. Collins. APPLICATIONS OF POROUS SILICON TO MICROSTRUCTURE ENGINEERING. Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Electrochemical Microfabrication , 180th Meeting of the Electrochemical Society, Phoenix , AZ , 1991.
• W. P. Eaton, S. H. Risbud and R. L. Smith. WAFER BONDING BY LOW TEMPERATURE GLASS. (Extended Abstract) Fall Meeting of the Electro-chemical Society, Vol. 91-2, pp. 693-694 (1991).
• W. P. Eaton, S. H. Risbud and R. L. Smith. WAFER BONDING USING LOW TEMPERATURE MELTING GLASS. Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Wafer Bonding Science and Technology, 180th Meeting of the Electrochemical Society, V92-7, pp. 146-152 (1991).
• J. D. Richards, P. Garabedian , A. Knoesen , R. Spencer, R. S. Smith and S. D. Collins. MICROFABRICATED SURFACE PLASMON SENSOR. Abstract of 1991 Optical Society of America Annual Meeting, 1991 Technical Digest Series, Vol. 17, p. 112 (1991).
• R. S. Muller, P. T. Howe, S. D. Senturia , R. L. Smith and R. M. White. (editors) MICROSENSORS, IEEE Press Selected Reprint Series, 1991.
• R. L. Smith and S. D. Collins. POROUS SILICON FORMATION MECHANISMS. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 71, No. 8, pp. R1-R22 (1992).
• J. D. Richards, R. Garabedian , C. Gonzalez, A. Knoesen , R. L. Smith, R.Spencer , and S. D. Collins. SURFACE-PLASMON EXCITATION USING A POLARIZATION-PRESERVING OPTICAL FIBER AND AN INDEX-MATCHING FLUID OPTICAL CELL. Applied Optics, Vol. 32, No. 16, pp. 2901-2906 (1992).
• K. Nishimura, R. L. Smith, and S. D. Collins, POROUS SILICON MEMBRANES, Materials Research Society Spring Meeting, Symposium IV: Materials for Separation Technology, San Francisco, Late News substitution (1993).
• K. Nishimura and R. L. Smith. POROUS SILICON MEMBRANES FOR BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS. Abstract A6.6, in Abstracts of the Biomedical Engineering Society Third Annual Fall Meeting, Salt Lake City , Utah , October 16-18 ,1992 .
• R. Garabedian , C. Gonzales, J. Richards, A. Knoesen , R. L. Smith, R. Spencer, and S. Collins. MICROMACHINED OPTICAL BENCH FOR A SURFACE PLASMON SENSOR. Summaries of papers presented at the Integrated Photonics Research Topical Meeting, Optical Society of America, Technical Digest Series, Vol. 10, pp. 76-79 (1993).
• M. A. Chan, S. D. Collins, and R. L. Smith. MICROMACHINED, FIBER OPTIC PRESSURE SENSOR FOR IN VIVO BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS. SPIE, Vol. 1886, Proceedings of the Fiber Optic Sensors in Medical Diagnostics, pp. 128-137 (1993).
• M. A. Chan, S. D. Collins, and R. L. Smith. A MICROMACHINED BIOMEDICAL PRESSURE SENSOR WITH FIBER-OPTIC INTERFEROMET­RIC READOUT. The 7th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors and Actuators, Digest of Technical Papers, Transducers ‘93, pp. 580-583 (1993).
• R. Garabedian , C. Gonzales, J. Richards, A. Knoesen , R. Spencer, S. D. Collins, and R.L.Smith . MICROMACHINED SURFACE PLASMON SENSING MICROSYSTEM. The 7th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors and Actuators, Digest of Technical Papers, Transducers ‘93, pp. 1070-1072 (1993).
• S. Berhane , S. M. Kauzlarich , K. Nishimura, R. L. Smith, J. E. Davis, H. W. H. Lee, M. L. S. Olsen, and L. L. Chase. INVESTIGATION OF COLLOIDAL SI PREPARED FROM POROUS SILICON. Proceedings of the Spring Meeting of Materials Research Society , Vol . 298, pp. 99-102 (1993).
• J. Penczek and R. L. Smith. THE RELATIONSHIP OF POROUS SILICON FILM MORPHOLOGY TO THE PHOTOLUMINESCENCE SPECTRA. Spring Meeting of Materials Research Society , Silicon -based Optoelectronic Materials Symposium, Vol. 298, pp. 193-198 (1993).
• R. L. Smith. SENSORS. (Chapter), in The Electrical Engineering Handbook, Editor-in-Chief R. C. Dorf , pp.1152-1161, 1993.
• R. L. Smith. SENSORS AND TRANSDUCERS. (Chapter), in The Engineering Handbook, Editor-in-Chief R. C. Dorf , 1994.
• M. A. Chan, S. D. Collins, and R. L. Smith. A MICROMACHINED PRESSURE SENSOR WITH FIBER-OPTIC INTERFEROMETRIC READOUT. Sensors and Actuators A, Elsevier Sequoia, Lausanne , Switzerland , 43, 196-201 (1994).
• R. Garabedian , C. Gonzales, J. Richards, A. Knoesen , R. Spencer, S. D. Collins, and R. L. Smith. MICROFABRICATED SURFACE PLASMON SENSING SYSTEM. Sensors and Actuators A, 43, 202-207 (1994).
• J. Senna and R. L. Smith. GALLIUM DOPING FOR SILICON ETCH STOP. Symposium on Micromachining, Electrochemical Society Spring Meeting, San Francisco , CA , 1994.
• R. L. Smith. APPLICATIONS OF POROUS SILICON TO MICRO AND NANOSTRUCTURE FABRICATION. Symposium on Electochemical Microfabrication , Electrochemical Sociey Fall Meeting, Miami , Florida ,1994 .
• J. Penczek , A. Knoesen , H.W. H. Lee, and R. L. Smith. NEAR-INFRARED EMISSION FROM A POROUS SILICON DEVICE. Materials Research Society, Fall Meeting, Nov. 29- Dec. 2, 1994 , Pittsburgh , PA. Symposium on Microcrystalline and Nanocrystalline Semiconductors, pp. 641-645 (1994).
• J. Penczek , I-W. Chao , A. Knoesen , H. Lee, J. E. Davis, and R. L. Smith. VISIBLE TO NEAR-INFRARED EMISSION FROM A POROUS SILCON DEVICE. IEEE LEOS Annual Meeting, Boston , MA . Proceedings of LEOS '94, Oct. 31-Nov. 3, vol. 2, pp. 13-14 (1994).
• R. L. Smith, S. D. Collins and S. Farrens . Low Temperature, MULTI-SUBSTRATE BONDING FOR PACKAGING OF MICROSENSORS. Fall Meeting of the Chemical Engineering Society, Symposium on Synthesis and Processing, November 15, San Francisco , 1994.
• B. Taheri , R. T. Knight, and R. L. Smith. A DRY ELECTRODE FOR EEG RECORDING. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology Journal, Elsevier Science, Lausanne , Switzerland , Vol. 90, pp.376-383 (1994).
• W. P. Eaton, S. H. Risbud , and R. L. Smith. SILICON WAFER-TO-WAFER BONDING AT T<200 °C WITH POLYMETHYLMETHACRYLATE. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 65, pp. 439-441 (1994). J. Han, R. Lander, R.L. Smith. MICROFABRICATED HIGH ENERGY PARTICLE DETECTOR. The 8th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors and Actuators, Digest of Technical Papers, Transducers '95, Stockholm , Sweden , 1995.
• Y-T. Hsueh , M.A. Northrup and R. L. Smith. A MICROFABRICATED ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE CELL FOR PCR AMPLIFIED DNA DETECTION AND QUANTIFICATION. The 8th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors and Actuators, Digest of Technical Papers, Transducers '95, Stockholm , Sweden , 1995.
• B. Taheri , R. Knight and R. L. Smtih . A MICROFABRICATED, ACTIVE, DRY EEG ELECTRODE ARRAY. The 8th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors and Actuators, Digest of Technical Papers, Transducers '95, Stockholm , Sweden , 1995.
• Y-T. Hsueh , R. L. Smith and M. A. Northrup . A MICROFABRICATED CELL FOR ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE ANALYSIS. Proceedings of the Fall Meeting of the Electrochemical Society, Chicago , October 1995.
• J. Han, R. Lander, R.L. Smith. MICROFABRICATED HIGH ENERGY PARTICLE DETECTOR. Sensors and Actuators A, Vol. 54 , pp . 594-600 (1996).
• Y-T. Hsueh , M.A. Northrup and R. L. Smith. A MICROFABRICATED ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE CELL FOR PCR AMPLIFIED DNA DETECTION AND QUANTIFICATION. Sensors and Actuators B, V33, pp. 110-114 (1996).
• W. Mow, C. Gonzalez, R. Garabedian , S. D. Collins and R. L. Smith. IMMUNOSENSING VIA SURFACE PLASMON RESONANCE DETECTION WITH A MICRO-OPTICAL BENCH. UC Workshop on Microfabricated Sensors, Instruments and Systems for Biological and Medical Applications, UCDavis , May 6-8, 1996 .
• Y-T. Hsueh , R. L. Smith and M. A. Northrup . A MICROFABRICATED ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE CELL FOR QUANTIFICATION OF DNA. Late News Abstracts, Hilton Head Workshop on Sensors and Actuators (1996).
• B. Alizadehtaheri , R. Knight and R. L. Smith. AN ACTIVE, MICROFABRICATED, SCALP ELECTRODE ARRAY FOR EEG RECORDING. Sensors and Actuators A, Vol. 54 , pp. 606-611(1996).
• R. L. Smith, Y-T. Hsueh , S. D. Collins, J.-C. Jiaccabrino and M. Koudelka . ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE AT MICROELECTRODES FOR BIOSENSING. BIOS ‘97, Symposium on Micro and Nanofabricated Electro-Optical Mechanical Systems for Biomedical and Environmental Applications. San Jose , February 10-11, 1997 .
• S. Jamasb , S. D. Collins and R. L. Smith. A PHYSICALLY BASED MODEL FOR DRIFT IN Al2O3 GATE ISFET’s . The 9th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors and Actuators, Digest of Technical Papers, Transducers ‘97, Chicago , 1997.
• Y.-T. Hsueh , S. D. Collins and R. L. Smith. DNA QUANTIFICATION USING A MICROMACHINED ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE DETECTION CELL. The 9th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors and Actuators, Digest of Technical Papers, Transducers ‘97, Chicago , 1997.
• Gonzalez, R. J. Welty , R. L. Smith, and S. D. Collins, MICROJOINERY FOR OPTOMECHANICAL SYSTEMS, Miniaturized Systems with Micro-Optics and Micromechanics II, San Jose , CA , USA , 10-12 Feb. 1997). Proceedings of the SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, 1997, vol. 3008:171-8.
• Gonzalez, S. D. Collins and R. L. Smith. FLUIDIC INTERCONNECTS FOR CHEMICAL ANALYSIS MICROSYSTEMS. The 9th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors and Actuators, Digest of Technical Papers, Transducers ‘97, Chicago , 1997.
• S. D. Collins , C . Gonzalez, R. L. Smith. MICROFABRICATION CREATES MESOSCOPIC OPTICAL SYSTEMS, Laser Focus World , 33 (5), 187(1997).
• C. Gonzalez, S. D. Collins and R. L. Smith. MODULAR ASSEMBLY AND INTERCONNECTS FOR FLUIDIC MICROSYSTEMS. Proceedings of the Symposium on Micro and Nanofabricated Electro-Optical Mechanical Systems for Biomedical and Environmental Applications, BiOS ‘98, Photonics West, San Jose, January 26-27, 1998.
• S. Jamasb , S. D. Collins and R. L. Smith. A PHYSICAL MODEL FOR THRESHOLD VOLTAGE INSTABILITY IN H+ SENSITIVE FIELD EFFECT TRANSISTORS (pH ISFET’s ). IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, 45(6), 1239-1245 (1998).
• S. Jamasb , S. D. Collins and R. L. Smith. A PHYSICAL MODEL FOR DRIFT IN ISFET’s , Sensors and Actuators B, B49 , 146-155 (1998).
• C. González , J. Y. Pan, S. D. Collins and R. L. Smith. PACKAGING TECHNOLOGY FOR MINIATURE IVD INSTRUMENTATION. Medical Device & Diagnostic Industry, April 1998, pp. 70-75 (1998).
• Y.-T. Hsueh , S. D. Collins and R. L. Smith. DNA QUANTIFICATION USING A MICROMACHINED ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE DETECTION CELL. Sensors and Actuators B, B49, 1-4 (1998).
• C. Gonzalez, S. D. Collins and R. L. Smith. FLUIDIC INTERCONNECTS FOR CHEMICAL ANALYSIS MICROSYSTEMS. Sensors and Actuators B, B49 , 40-45 (1998).
• S. D. Collins, R. L. Smith, and C. Gonzalez. MICROJOINERY: CONCEPT, DEFINITION, AND APPLICATIONS TO MICROSYSTEM DEVELOPMENT, Sensors and Actuators A, 66(1-3), 315-332 (1998).
• J.-C. Jiacciabrino , M. Koudelka-Hep , Y.-T. Hsueh , S. D. Collins, and R. L. Smith. ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE OF TRIS 2’2’ RUTHENIUM BIPYRIDENE IN WATER AT CARBON MICROELECTRODES. Analytical Chemistry, 70(19), 4157-4161(1998).
• S. D. Collins, C. Gonzalez, D. Howard, S. Hsia and R. L. Smith. MICROFABRICATED TRANSLATION STAGES FOR MICROROBOTICS. Proceedings of the International Advanced in Robotics Program (IARP), 2nd International Workshop on Micro Robotics and Systems, Beijing , China , October 22-23, 1998 , pg. 166-171.
• S. D. Collins, R. L. Smith, C. Gonzalez, K. P. Stewart, J. G. Hagopian , and M. J. Sirota . FOURIER TRANSFORM OPTICAL MICROSYSTEMS. Optics Letters, 24(12) 844-846 (1999).
• P. Wallace, E. V. Mukerjee , K. Yan , R. L. Smith, S. D. Collins. Design, Fabrication , and Demonstration of a Vaporizing Liquid Attitude Control Microthruster . Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors and Actuators, Transducers ‘99, Digest of Technical Papers, June 7-10, Sendai Japan , pp. 1800-1803(1999).
• S. D. Collins, A. P. Wallace, R. L. Smith, J. M. Sirota , and C. Gonzalez. Micro--Photonics Systems Implementation. Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors and Actuators, Transducers ‘99, Digest of Technical Papers , Sendai Japan , pp. 124-127 (1999).
• K. Tseng, J. Liu, C. B. Lebrilla , S. Collins, R. Smith. FABRICATION AND DESIGN OF OPEN MICROCHANNELS FOR CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS SEPARTIONS AND MATRIX -ASSISTED LASER/DESORPTION MASS SPECTROMETRY ANALYSIS. Proceedings of the SPIE Conference on Micro- and Nanofabricated Structures and Devices for Biomedical Environmental Applications II, San Jose, CA, January 1999. SPIE Vol. 3600, pp. 137-147.
• E. Mukerjee , A . Wallace, K. Yan , R. L. Smith and S. D. Collins. Vaporizing Liquid MICROTHRUSTER, Sensors & Actuators A, A83, 231-236 (1999).
• D. W. Howard, S. D. Collins and Rosemary L. Smith. A SINGLE-FRINGE ETALON SILICON PRESSURE TRANSDUCER, Sensors & Actuators A, A86, no. 1-2, pgs 21-25 (2000).
• D. T. Yen, C. P. van Dam, F. Brauchle , R. L. Smith, and S. D. Collins, ACTIVE LOAD CONTROL AND LIFT ENHANCEMENT USING MEMS TRANSLATIONAL TABS, Proceedings of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Fluids 2000, June 19-22, Denver, pp.1-10 (2000).
• E. V. Mukerjee , S.D. Collins, R.L. Smith, R.R. Isseroff , and R. Nuccitelli , MICROINSTRUMENT FOR TRANSDERMAL, WOUND POTENTIAL MEASUREMENTS, Late News Poster Session, Supplemental Digest, Solid-State Sensors and Actuator Workshop, Hilton Head Island, South Carolina, June 4-8, 2000.
• K. Y. Yan , R.L. Smith and S.D. Collins, FLUIDIC MICROCHANNEL ARRAYS FOR THE ELECTROPHORETIC SEPARATION AND DETECTION OF BIOANALYTES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE, Biomedical Microdevices , 2(3), 221-229 (2000).
• B. L. Gray, S. D. Collins, D. K. Lieu, A. Barakat and R. L. Smith. MODULAR MICRO-INSTRUMENTATION FOR ENDOTHELIAL CELL RESEARCH. Proceedings of the SPIE Conference on Micro- and Nanotechnology for Biomedical and Environmental Applications, San Jose , Ca, January 26-27, 2000 . SPIE Vol. 3912 , 88-94.
• P. Wallace, D. W. Howard, J.S. Sirota , R. L. Smith and S. D. Collins, LONG RANGE TRANSLATION ACTUATOR . Proceedings of the SPIE Conference on Micro- and Nanotechnology for Biomedical and Environmental Applications, San Jose , Ca, January 26-27, 2000 . SPIE Vol. 3912, 158-165.
• John W. MacKenty , R. L. Smith, S. D. Collins, et al., A PRE-PHASE STUDY OF A MULTI-OJECT SPECTROMETER USING MICRO MIRROR ARRAYS, Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 207, 251-261 (2000).
• J. Liu, C. B. Lebrilla , S. Collins, R. Smith. OPEN MICROCHANNELS FOR CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS SEPARTIONS AND MATRIX -ASSISTED LASER/DESORPTION MASS SPECTROMETRY ANALYSIS. Analytical Chemistry, 73(9): 2147-2151 (2001).
• T. Yen, C. P. van Dam, R. L. Smith, and S. D. Collins, ACTIVE LOAD CONTROL FOR WIND TURBINE BLADES USING MEM TRANSLATIONAL TABS , AIAA/ASME Wind Energy Symposium, AIAA Paper 2001-0031, Reno , January 2001.
• D.T.Y. Nakafuji , C. P. van Dam, R.L. Smith, S.D. Collins, ACTIVE LOAD CONTROL FOR AIRFOILS USING MICROTABS, Transactions of the ASME- Journal of Solar Energy Engineering, 123( 4): 282-9 (2001).
• R. L. Smith, C. Gonzalez, Y.-T. Hsueh , G. Kamita , G . Firrao , S. D. Collins, PHOTONIC MICROINSTRUMENTS FOR BIOMOLECULAR SENSING AND ANALYSIS, LEOS 2001. 14th Annual Meeting of the IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society (Cat. No.01CH37242), 2001, pt. 1, p 390-1 vol.1
• B. L. Gray, S. D. Collins and R. L. Smith, INTERLOCKING MECHANICAL AND MICROFLUIDIC INTERCONNECTIONS FABRICATED BY DEEP REACTIVE ION ETCHING, Proceedings of µTAS 2001, Fifth International Conference on Miniaturized Chemical and Biochemical Analysis Systems, Monterey, CA, October, 2001, pages 153-154, Kluwer Academic Publishers ,ISBN 1402001487.
• E. Mukerjee , S. D. Collins, R. L. Smith and R. Isseroff , MICRONEEDLE ARRAY FOR TRANSDERMAL BIO-FLUID SAMPLING AND/OR DRUG DELIVERY, Proceedings of µTAS 2001, Fifth International Conference on Miniaturized Chemical and Biochemical Analysis Systems, Monterey, CA, October, 2001, pages 379-380, Kluwer Academic Publishers ,ISBN 1402001487.
• S. Jamasb , S. D. Collins, R. L. Smith, CHARACTERIZATION, MODELING, AND CORRECTION OF DRIFT IN COMPLEMENTARY PH ISFET'S, Chemical and Biological Sensors and Analytical Methods II, Proceedings of the International Symposium (Electrochemical Society Proceedings Vol.2001-18), 2001, p 576-81
• S. Jamasb , S. D. Collins, R. L. Smith, CORRECTION OF SENSOR INACCURACY ARISING FROM DRIFT BASED ON A SIGNAL PROCESSING TECHNIQUE. Chemical and Biological Sensors and Analytical Methods II, Proceedings of the International Sympsoium (Electrochemical Society Proceedings Vol.2001-18), 2001, p 138-42
• Gray B., D. K. Lieu, S. D. Collins, R. L. Smith and A. I. Barakat , MICROCHANNEL PLATFORM FOR THE STUDY OF ENDOTHELIAL CELL SHAPE AND FUNCTION. Biomedical Microdevices , 4(1): 9-16 (2002).
• R. Isseroff , E.V. Mukerjee , S.D. Collins, R.L. Smith, R. Nuccitelli , DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW CHIP-BASED TECHNIQUE FOR MEASURING THE LATERAL ELECTRIC FIELD NEAR A SKIN WOUND, Journal Of Investigative Dermatology, 119(1), Part 2, pg. 280, 2002. Meeting Abstract, 63rd Annual Meeting of the Society for Investigative Dermatology, May 15-18, 2002 , Los Angeles , California , USA
• Tu , J., Howard, D.; Collins, S. D.; Smith, R. L., MICROMACHINED, SILICON FILAMENT LIGHT SOURCE FOR SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC MICROSYSTEMS, Applied Optics, 42(13): 2388-2397 (2003).
• R. Arya , M.M. Rashid, D. Howard, S.D. Collins, and R.L. Smith, THERMALLY ACTUATED, BISTABLE, SNAPPING SILICON MEMBRANES, Proceedings Transducers '03, Paper no. 3E61.P, June 2003.
• M. V. Shutov , D. L. Howard, E. E. Sandoz , R. L. Smith and S. D. Collins, ELECTROSTATIC ACTUATORS WITH LONG RANGE TRANSLATION, Proceedings Transducers ’03, Paper no. 2B3.4, June 2003.
• E. M. Mukerjee , R. R. Isseroff , S. D. Collins and R. L. Smith, MICRONEEDLE ARRAY WITH INTEGRATED MICROCHANNELS FOR TRANSDERMAL SAMPLE EXTRACTION AND IN SITU ANALYSIS, Proceedings Transducers ’03, Paper no. 3E68.P, June 2003.
• S. C. Allison, R. L. Smith, D. W. Howard, C. Gonzalez and S. D. Collins. 2003. A BULK MICRO-MACHINED SILICON THERMOPILE WITH HIGH SENSITIVITY, Sensors and Actuators A, 104(1): 32–39 (2003).
• M.V. Shutov , E.E. Sandoz , , D.L. Howard, T. C. Hsia , R. L. Smith, S. D. Collins, MINIATURE LINEAR SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR, Proceedings of the SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, 4878, 2003, p 32-7.
• J. H. Walton, J. S. de Ropp , M.V. Shutov , A.G. Goloshevsky , M.J. McCarthy, R.L. Smith, S.D. Collins, A MICROMACHINED DOUBLE-TUNED NMR MICROPROBE, Analytical Chemistry, 75 (19), 5030-5036, 2003.
• E. S. Lee, D. Howard, S. D. Collins and R. L. Smith. REVERSIBLE, TUBING TO GLASS INTERCONNECTS FOR GLASS-BASED MICRO-FLUIDIC SYSTEMS MADE USING ECDM, J. Micromech . Microengineering , 14, 535–541 (2004).
• E. Liang , R. L. Smith, D. S. Clague , DIELECTROPHORETIC MANIPULATION OF FINITE SIZED SPECIES AND THE IMPORTANCE OF THE QUADRUPOLAR CONTRIBUTION, Physical Review E, 70(6) Part 2, Article no. 066617, 2004.
• E.V. Mukerjee , S.D. Collins, R.R. Isseroff and R.L. Smith, MICRONEEDLE ARRAY FOR TRANSDERMAL BIOLOGICAL FLUID EXTRACTION AND IN SITU ANALYSIS, Sensors and Actuators A-Physical, 114(2-3), 267-275, 2004.
• B. L. Gray, S. D. Collins, R. L. Smith, Sensors and Actuators, INTERLOCKING MECHANICAL AND FLUIDIC INTERCONNECTIONS FOR MICROFLUIDIC CIRCUIT BOARDS, Sensors and Actuators A-Physical, 112 (1) , 18- 24, 2004.
• M.V. Shutov , D.W. Howard, E.E. Sandoz , J.M. Sirota , R.L. Smith, S.D. Collins, ELECTROSTATIC INCHWORM MICROSYSTEM WITH LONG RANGE TRANSLATION, Sensors And Actuators A-Physical, 114(2-3), 379-386, 2004.
• M. V. Shutov , E. E. Sandoz , D. W. Howard, T. C. Hisa , R. L. Smith, S. D. Collins , A MICROFABRICATED ELECTROMAGNETIC LINEAR SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR, Sensors and Actuators A-Physical, 121(2), 566-575, 2005.
• P. J. Costanzo , E-Z. Liang , T. E. Patten, S. D. Collins, R. L. Smith, BIOMOLECULE DETECTION VIA TARGET MEDIATED NANOPARTICLE AGGREGATION AND DIELECTROPHORETIC IMPEDANCE MEASUREMENT, Lab On A Chip, 5(6), 606-610, 2005.
• E. Mukerjee , A . Wallace, K. Yan , R. L. Smith and S. D. Collins. Vaporizing Liquid MICROTHRUSTER, Sensors & Actuators A, A83, 231-236 (1999).
• D. W. Howard, S. D. Collins and Rosemary L. Smith. A SINGLE-FRINGE ETALON SILICON PRESSURE TRANSDUCER, Sensors & Actuators A, A86, no. 1-2, pgs 21-25 (2000).
• D. T. Yen, C. P. van Dam, F. Brauchle , R. L. Smith, and S. D. Collins, ACTIVE LOAD CONTROL AND LIFT ENHANCEMENT USING MEMS TRANSLATIONAL TABS, Proceedings of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Fluids 2000, June 19-22, Denver, pp.1-10 (2000).
• E. V. Mukerjee , S.D. Collins, R.L. Smith, R.R. Isseroff , and R. Nuccitelli , MICROINSTRUMENT FOR TRANSDERMAL, WOUND POTENTIAL MEASUREMENTS, Late News Poster Session, Supplemental Digest, Solid-State Sensors and Actuator Workshop, Hilton Head Island, South Carolina, June 4-8, 2000.
• K. Y. Yan , R.L. Smith and S.D. Collins, FLUIDIC MICROCHANNEL ARRAYS FOR THE ELECTROPHORETIC SEPARATION AND DETECTION OF BIOANALYTES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE, Biomedical Microdevices , 2(3), 221-229 (2000).
• B. L. Gray, S. D. Collins, D. K. Lieu, A. Barakat and R. L. Smith. MODULAR MICRO-INSTRUMENTATION FOR ENDOTHELIAL CELL RESEARCH. Proceedings of the SPIE Conference on Micro- and Nanotechnology for Biomedical and Environmental Applications, San Jose , Ca, January 26-27, 2000 . SPIE Vol. 3912 , 88-94.
• P. Wallace, D. W. Howard, J.S. Sirota , R. L. Smith and S. D. Collins, LONG RANGE TRANSLATION ACTUATOR . Proceedings of the SPIE Conference on Micro- and Nanotechnology for Biomedical and Environmental Applications, San Jose , Ca, January 26-27, 2000 . SPIE Vol. 3912, 158-165.
• John W. MacKenty , R. L. Smith, S. D. Collins, et al., A PRE-PHASE STUDY OF A MULTI-OJECT SPECTROMETER USING MICRO MIRROR ARRAYS, Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 207, 251-261 (2000).
• J. Liu, C. B. Lebrilla , S. Collins, R. Smith. OPEN MICROCHANNELS FOR CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS SEPARTIONS AND MATRIX -ASSISTED LASER/DESORPTION MASS SPECTROMETRY ANALYSIS. Analytical Chemistry, 73(9): 2147-2151 (2001).
• T. Yen, C. P. van Dam, R. L. Smith, and S. D. Collins, ACTIVE LOAD CONTROL FOR WIND TURBINE BLADES USING MEM TRANSLATIONAL TABS , AIAA/ASME Wind Energy Symposium, AIAA Paper 2001-0031, Reno , January 2001.
• D.T.Y. Nakafuji , C. P. van Dam, R.L. Smith, S.D. Collins, ACTIVE LOAD CONTROL FOR AIRFOILS USING MICROTABS, Transactions of the ASME- Journal of Solar Energy Engineering, 123( 4): 282-9 (2001).
• R. L. Smith, C. Gonzalez, Y.-T. Hsueh , G. Kamita , G . Firrao , S. D. Collins, PHOTONIC MICROINSTRUMENTS FOR BIOMOLECULAR SENSING AND ANALYSIS, LEOS 2001. 14th Annual Meeting of the IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society (Cat. No.01CH37242), 2001, pt. 1, p 390-1 vol.1
• B. L. Gray, S. D. Collins and R. L. Smith, INTERLOCKING MECHANICAL AND MICROFLUIDIC INTERCONNECTIONS FABRICATED BY DEEP REACTIVE ION ETCHING, Proceedings of µTAS 2001, Fifth International Conference on Miniaturized Chemical and Biochemical Analysis Systems, Monterey, CA, October, 2001, pages 153-154, Kluwer Academic Publishers ,ISBN 1402001487.
• E. Mukerjee , S. D. Collins, R. L. Smith and R. Isseroff , MICRONEEDLE ARRAY FOR TRANSDERMAL BIO-FLUID SAMPLING AND/OR DRUG DELIVERY, Proceedings of µTAS 2001, Fifth International Conference on Miniaturized Chemical and Biochemical Analysis Systems, Monterey, CA, October, 2001, pages 379-380, Kluwer Academic Publishers ,ISBN 1402001487.
• S. Jamasb , S. D. Collins, R. L. Smith, CHARACTERIZATION, MODELING, AND CORRECTION OF DRIFT IN COMPLEMENTARY PH ISFET'S, Chemical and Biological Sensors and Analytical Methods II, Proceedings of the International Symposium (Electrochemical Society Proceedings Vol.2001-18), 2001, p 576-81
• S. Jamasb , S. D. Collins, R. L. Smith, CORRECTION OF SENSOR INACCURACY ARISING FROM DRIFT BASED ON A SIGNAL PROCESSING TECHNIQUE. Chemical and Biological Sensors and Analytical Methods II, Proceedings of the International Sympsoium (Electrochemical Society Proceedings Vol.2001-18), 2001, p 138-42
• Gray B., D. K. Lieu, S. D. Collins, R. L. Smith and A. I. Barakat , MICROCHANNEL PLATFORM FOR THE STUDY OF ENDOTHELIAL CELL SHAPE AND FUNCTION. Biomedical Microdevices , 4(1): 9-16 (2002).
• R. Isseroff , E.V. Mukerjee , S.D. Collins, R.L. Smith, R. Nuccitelli , DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW CHIP-BASED TECHNIQUE FOR MEASURING THE LATERAL ELECTRIC FIELD NEAR A SKIN WOUND, Journal Of Investigative Dermatology, 119(1), Part 2, pg. 280, 2002. Meeting Abstract, 63rd Annual Meeting of the Society for Investigative Dermatology, May 15-18, 2002 , Los Angeles , California , USA
• Tu , J., Howard, D.; Collins, S. D.; Smith, R. L., MICROMACHINED, SILICON FILAMENT LIGHT SOURCE FOR SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC MICROSYSTEMS, Applied Optics, 42(13): 2388-2397 (2003).
• R. Arya , M.M. Rashid, D. Howard, S.D. Collins, and R.L. Smith, THERMALLY ACTUATED, BISTABLE, SNAPPING SILICON MEMBRANES, Proceedings Transducers '03, Paper no. 3E61.P, June 2003.
• M. V. Shutov , D. L. Howard, E. E. Sandoz , R. L. Smith and S. D. Collins, ELECTROSTATIC ACTUATORS WITH LONG RANGE TRANSLATION, Proceedings Transducers ’03, Paper no. 2B3.4, June 2003.
• E. M. Mukerjee , R. R. Isseroff , S. D. Collins and R. L. Smith, MICRONEEDLE ARRAY WITH INTEGRATED MICROCHANNELS FOR TRANSDERMAL SAMPLE EXTRACTION AND IN SITU ANALYSIS, Proceedings Transducers ’03, Paper no. 3E68.P, June 2003.
• S. C. Allison, R. L. Smith, D. W. Howard, C. Gonzalez and S. D. Collins. 2003. A BULK MICRO-MACHINED SILICON THERMOPILE WITH HIGH SENSITIVITY, Sensors and Actuators A, 104(1): 32–39 (2003).
• M.V. Shutov , E.E. Sandoz , , D.L. Howard, T. C. Hsia , R. L. Smith, S. D. Collins, MINIATURE LINEAR SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR, Proceedings of the SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, 4878, 2003, p 32-7.
• J. H. Walton, J. S. de Ropp , M.V. Shutov , A.G. Goloshevsky , M.J. McCarthy, R.L. Smith, S.D. Collins, A MICROMACHINED DOUBLE-TUNED NMR MICROPROBE, Analytical Chemistry, 75 (19), 5030-5036, 2003.
• E. S. Lee, D. Howard, S. D. Collins and R. L. Smith. REVERSIBLE, TUBING TO GLASS INTERCONNECTS FOR GLASS-BASED MICRO-FLUIDIC SYSTEMS MADE USING ECDM, J. Micromech . Microengineering , 14, 535–541 (2004).
• E. Liang , R. L. Smith, D. S. Clague , DIELECTROPHORETIC MANIPULATION OF FINITE SIZED SPECIES AND THE IMPORTANCE OF THE QUADRUPOLAR CONTRIBUTION, Physical Review E, 70(6) Part 2, Article no. 066617, 2004.
• E.V. Mukerjee , S.D. Collins, R.R. Isseroff and R.L. Smith, MICRONEEDLE ARRAY FOR TRANSDERMAL BIOLOGICAL FLUID EXTRACTION AND IN SITU ANALYSIS, Sensors and Actuators A-Physical, 114(2-3), 267-275, 2004.
• B. L. Gray, S. D. Collins, R. L. Smith, Sensors and Actuators, INTERLOCKING MECHANICAL AND FLUIDIC INTERCONNECTIONS FOR MICROFLUIDIC CIRCUIT BOARDS, Sensors and Actuators A-Physical, 112 (1) , 18- 24, 2004.
• M.V. Shutov , D.W. Howard, E.E. Sandoz , J.M. Sirota , R.L. Smith, S.D. Collins, ELECTROSTATIC INCHWORM MICROSYSTEM WITH LONG RANGE TRANSLATION, Sensors And Actuators A-Physical, 114(2-3), 379-386, 2004.
• M. V. Shutov , E. E. Sandoz , D. W. Howard, T. C. Hisa , R. L. Smith, S. D. Collins , A MICROFABRICATED ELECTROMAGNETIC LINEAR SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR, Sensors and Actuators A-Physical, 121(2), 566-575, 2005.
• P. J. Costanzo , E-Z. Liang , T. E. Patten, S. D. Collins, R. L. Smith, BIOMOLECULE DETECTION VIA TARGET MEDIATED NANOPARTICLE AGGREGATION AND DIELECTROPHORETIC IMPEDANCE MEASUREMENT, Lab On A Chip, 5(6), 606-610, 2005.

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