Introduced Fish in Maine

APPENDIX A

Scientific Nomenclature of Maine’s Introduced Fishes

Intercontinental (European) Exotic Fish Introductions

Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) - Russian food-fish, first introduced in 1880 (Richmond)

Goldfish (Carassius auratus) - historic ornamental, mid-1800's introduction

Brown trout (Salmo trutta) - historic sportfish, late 1800's introduction

Rudd (Scardinius erythrophthalmus) - illegal transplants, suspected baitfish trade (1973)

Intracontinental (Interstate) Non-Native Fish Introductions

Green sunfish (Lepomis cyanellus) - illegal introduction, Sebasticook River Drainage (<2002)

Bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) - interstate (NH - 2000), illegal introduction, Seba.RD (<2002)

Gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum) - naturally occurring range extension? (2000)

Central mudminnow (Umbra limi) - accidental release from nearby baitfish dealer? (<1999)

White catfish/bullhead (Ameiurus catus) - accidental stock?, illegal transplants (1990's)

Eastern silvery minnow (Hybognathus regius) - baitfish origins (1982)? (uncommon)

Spottail shiner (Notropis hudsonius) - baitfish origins (1979)? Common in lower Kennebec R.

Emerald shiner (Notropis atherninoides) - illegally released baitfish species (1970's)

Muskellunge (Esox masquinongy) - accidental migrant - Canada (St. John River) early 1970's

Northern pike (Esox lucius) - illegally introduced <1970's, continuing spread to present day.

Black crappie (Pomoxis nigromaculatus) - accidental stock (1969), illegal transplants (1925)

Walleye (Sander vitreus) - historical (early 1900's, Great Pond), illegal transplant - Long Pond

Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) - historic stock, legal/illegal transplants since 1900

Smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) - historic stock, legal/illegal transplants since 1869

Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) - recent stock, actively managed (TU), late 1990's

Intrastate Native Fish Introductions (including coastal to inland transplants - landlocked)

White perch (Morone americanus) - widespread historical sportfish and illegal transplants

Golden shiner (Notemigonus crysoleucas) - widespread baitfish species, illegal transplants

Fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) - common baitfish species and illegal transplants

Alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus - landlocked) - historic forage stock and illegal transplants

Rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax - landlocked) - historic forage stock and illegal transplants

Yellow perch (Perca flavescens) - native Maine species, nonindigenous fish transplants

Chain pickerel (Esox niger) - native southern Maine species, nonindigenous fish transplants

Brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush), splake (lake & brook trout hybrid) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar - landlocked) - managed salmonids